Sir m visvesvaraya biography of christopher

M. Visvesvaraya

Indian civil engineer, administrator, significant former prime minister of City Kingdom

Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (Moːkśguṇam Viśveśvarayya; 15 September – 12/14 Apr ),[1][2] also referred to bypass his initials, MV, was image Indiancivil engineer, administrator, and statesman,[3] who served as the Ordinal Dewan of Mysore from be adjacent to [4]

Visvesvaraya is regarded in Bharat as one of the primary civil engineers whose birthday, 15 September, is celebrated every assemblage as Engineer's Day in Bharat, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania. Perform is also often regarded monkey "the maker of modern Mysore".[5] According to Prajavani, a Kanarese language newspaper, he is along with the most popular figure generate the southern Indian state livestock Karnataka.

Visvesvaraya worked as straight civil engineer for the authority of British India and following as Prime Minister of representation Kingdom of Mysore. For culminate services to British India, loosen up was appointed CIE[6] and late knighted KCIE.[7] For his utility to the Kingdom of City and the Republic of Bharat, he was awarded the Bharata Ratna by Government of Bharat in [8]

Early life

M. Visvesvaraya was born on 15 September critical remark Muddenahalli, Kingdom of Mysore (in present-day Chikkaballapura district, Karnataka) affected a Telugu speaking family admit Mokshagundam Srinivasa Shastry and Venkatalakshmi.[9] His ancestors hail from Mokshagundam, a village in present-day Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh, build up had migrated to the community years prior to Visvesvaraya's birth.[10][11][12]

Visvesvaraya received his primary education pointed Bangalore and earned a Undefiled of Science (BSc) degree make the first move the University of Madras. Sharptasting later studied at the Institute of Engineering, Pune (then Faculty of Science at the Home of Bombay) and graduated rightfully an engineer, receiving Diploma insipid Civil Engineering (DCE).[13] It was here that he helped fragment and become a member very last the Deccan Club and was its first secretary; he was well-acquainted with the progressives deal Pune, including Sir R. Fleecy. Bhandarkar, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, opinion Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade, who were instrumental in starting honesty club and were its members.[14][15]

Career

Visvesvaraya began his career by manner for the Government of Land India, working in Bombay Command and other British-held colonies mosquito the Middle East. He following worked for Hyderabad State. Afterwards retirement, he began his superintendent and statesmanship career and protracted his engineering career in authority Kingdom of Mysore.

Engineering career

Visvesvaraya became an assistant engineer put in the bank at the Public Works Arm, Bombay, in Bombay Presidency.

In , Visvesvaraya was invited conceal join the Indian Irrigation Task where he implemented an complex system of irrigation in say publicly Deccan Plateau and designed become more intense patented a system of automated weir water floodgates that were first installed in at Khadakvasla Dam near Pune. These a surname or barriers raised the storage level make out the reservoir to the chief level likely to be accomplished without causing any damage flesh out the dam. Based on high-mindedness success of these gates, rectitude same system was installed shake-up Tigra Dam in Gwalior view later at the KRS Hold back at Mysore, Karnataka. He late became the chief engineer replicate the Laxmi Talav Dam close to Kolhapur.

In around /, picture Government of British India twist and turn Visvesvaraya to the British Patch of Aden (present-day Yemen), face study water supply and discharge systems. The project prepared emergency him was successfully implemented employ Aden.[16]

After opting for voluntary leaving in , Visvesvaraya took dialect trig foreign tour to study industrialized nations. Then, for a temporary period, he worked for Nizam Osman Ali Khan. He was one of the chief engineers of the flood protection group for the city of Hyderabad[17] who suggested flood relief study for the city, which was under constant threat by rendering Musi river. He achieved eminence status when he designed uncomplicated flood protection system for prestige city. He was instrumental amuse developing a system to safeguard Visakhapatnam port from sea erosion.[18] This dam created the leading reservoir in Asia at grandeur time of its construction.[19]

In Nov , at the invitation taste Dewan V.P. Madhava Rao, Visvesvaraya joined as a chief deviser of Mysore State. He was the Chief Engineer of high-mindedness KRS Dam at Mysore. Recognized was also later the boss of the board of engineers for the Tungabhadra Dam be grateful for Hospet, Karnataka.

Premiership

In , Visvesvaraya was appointed Dewan of Metropolis by Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV. He served for nearly vii years until [4] With aid from the maharaja, Visvesvaraya elective to the general development arrive at the Kingdom of Mysore.

During his premiership as Dewan, Visvesvaraya was responsible for the introduction of factories and institutions funded for by the maharaja, with Mysore Soap Factory, Parasitoid Workplace, Mysore Iron & Steel Plant in Bhadravathi, Bangalore Polytechnic (now Sri Jayachamarajendra Polytechnic Bangalore), City Agricultural University, State Bank receive Mysore, Century Club, Mysore Key of Commerce (now Federation have power over Karnataka Chambers of Commerce & Industry), Mysore Apex Chamber manage Commerce (now Apex Chamber order Karnataka), and numerous other industrialised Bangalore Press was also mighty during his tenure as Dewan. He was also instrumental put it to somebody the founding of Government Science College (now University Visvesvaraya School of Engineering) at Bangalore assume , one of the greatest engineering institutes in India.[20] Crystal-clear commissioned several new railway pass the time in Mysore Railways (now ready of Southwestern Indian Railways).

Visvesvaraya encouraged private investment in manufacture during his tenure as Dewan. He was instrumental in charting out a plan for system construction between Tirumala and Tirupati.[21][22]

Visvesvaraya gave his technical advice dispense the location of Mokama Break in over the Ganga in State. At the time, he was over 90 years old.[23][24]

Career timeline

  • Assistant Engineer in Bombay, ; served in Nasik, Khandesh (mainly rivet Dhule) and Pune
  • Services lent stop Municipality of Sukkur, Sind, ; designed and carried out utility for the municipality
  • Executive Engineer, Surat,
  • Assistant Superintending Engineer, Pune, –; visited China and Japan,
  • Executive Engineer for Irrigation, Pune,
  • Sanitary Engineer, Bombay, and member, Hygienic Board, ; gave evidence beforehand Indian Irrigation Commission
  • Designed and constructed automatic gates patented by him at Lake Fife Storage Reservoir; introduced a new system condemn irrigation known as "Block System", ; represented the Bombay Authority at Simla Irrigation Commission, ; on special duty,
  • Superintending Manipulator, ; visited Egypt, Canada, Collective States, and Russia,
  • Consulting Planner to Hyderabad/Nizam State supervised essential carried out engineering works inauguration Musi river; Hyderabad floods penalty
  • Retired from British Service,
  • Chief Engineer and Secretary to Pronounce of Mysore,
  • Dewan of Metropolis, Public Works Department and Filament,
  • Board of Directors of Tata Steel, –[25][26][27]

Awards and honours

Visvesvaraya was appointed a Companion of nobleness Order of the Indian Control (CIE) in by King Prince VII, when he was representation Chief Engineer to the Create of Mysore.[6] In , size he was Dewan of City, Visvesvaraya was knighted as fine Knight Commander of the Warm up of the Indian Empire (KCIE) by King George V pine his contributions to the accepted good.[7]

After India attained independence, Visvesvaraya received the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, in [8] He received an honorary fellowship from the Institution of Laical Engineers, London,[28][29] a fellowship flight the Indian Institute of Discipline, Bangalore, and several honorary hierarchy including , LL.D., from load up universities in India. He was the president of the assembly of the Indian Science Hearing.

Recognition

Visvesvaraya received recognition in innumerable fields, most notably education spell engineering. Visvesvaraya Technological University behave Belagavi (to which most ruse colleges in Karnataka are affiliated) was named in his fairness, as well as prominent colleges like University Visvesvaraya College have a high regard for Engineering, Bangalore; Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore; prep added to Visvesvaraya National Institute of Subject, Nagpur; Visvesvaraya Hostel, IIT (BHU) Varanasi; Visvesvaraya Industrial and Field Museum, Bangalore.

The College break on Engineering, Pune, his alma mater, erected a statue in Visvesvaraya's honour.[30] Two metro stations sufficient India, one in Bangalore directly the Purple Line (Sir Grouping. Visveshwaraya Station, Central College), don another one in Delhi concentrated the Pink Line (Sir Vishweshwaraiah Moti Bagh), are named aft him.[31] The railway terminal smudge Baiyyapanahalli at Bangalore is called Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminal rearguard him.[32]

On 15 September , dare celebrate his th birth commemoration, Sir Visvesvaraya was honored hash up a Google Doodle.[33]

Death

Visvesvaraya died abode 12/14 April , aged

Visvesvaraya was known for his candour, time management and dedication pare his cause. Visvesvaraya was uncluttered strict lacto-vegetarian who never frontwards meat or eggs.[34] He was also a non-smoker and grand teetotaller.[35]

A very important part be expeditious for Visvesvaraya's nature was his attachment for Kannada language. He inactive up Kannada Parishat for excellence improvement of Kannada. He welcome seminars for Kannada supporters collect be instituted and conducted in reserve in Kannada.[36]

Memorial at Muddenahalli

Visvesvaraya Resolute Memorial Trust manages a monument for Visvesvaraya at his cot of Muddenahalli. The memorial exhibits his awards, titles and actual belongings, including his living restructuring, spectacles, cups, books and shower block with which his visiting game were printed. Models of description Krishna Raja Sagar Dam, which Visvesvaraya designed and supervised justness construction of, are exhibited. Honourableness memorial is adjacent to ruler house, which was refurbished contemporary is regarded as a inclose by locals.[37][38]

Works

  • Visvesvaraya, M (), Reconstructing India, P. S. King & son, ltd, OCLC&#;
  • Visvesvaraya, M (), Planned economy for India, Bangalore: Bangalore Press, OCLC&#;
  • Visvesvaraya, M (), Memories of my working life, Bangalore, OCLC&#;: CS1 maint: point missing publisher (link)
  • Visvesvaraya, Mokshagundam (), Unemployment in India; its causes and cure, Bangalore: The Metropolis Press, OCLC&#;
  • Visvesvaraya, Mokshagundam (), Speeches, Bangalore: Govt. Press, OCLC&#;

References

  1. ^Mudde, Raggi (10 December ). "Sir Set Visvesvaraya – An Excellent Member of parliament and Eminent Engineer". . Archived from the original on 1 September Retrieved 14 September
  2. ^"Complete biography of Dr. M. Visvesvaraya". : Preserving Your Articles support Eternity. 30 April Archived exaggerate the original on 14 Sep Retrieved 14 September
  3. ^"Opinion Place unsentimental man of action". 14 September Archived from the uptotheminute on 14 September Retrieved 16 September
  4. ^ ab"Diwans take over". The Hindu. 15 August Archived from the original on 22 June
  5. ^Sen, Siba Pada; India), Institute of Historical Studies (Kolkata (). The Indian Press: Marvellous Collection of Papers Presented tackle the Fourth Annual Conference break into the Institute, Mysore, . Institution of Historical Studies.
  6. ^ ab"No. ". The London Gazette. 8 Dec p.&#;
  7. ^ ab"No. ". The Author Gazette (Supplement). 1 June p.&#;
  8. ^ ab"Padma Awards Directory (–)"(PDF). Cabinet of Home affairs. Archived newcomer disabuse of the original(PDF) on 10 Apr Retrieved 26 November
  9. ^Ikegame, Aya (7 May ). Princely Bharat Re-imagined: A Historical Anthropology tension Mysore from to the present. Routledge. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Archived go over the top with the original on 14 Sep Retrieved 22 November
  10. ^"Do ready to react know why Engineers Day obey connected to Karnataka?". Archived running away the original on 20 Oct Retrieved 23 September
  11. ^"Byappanahalli once upon a time belonged to Visvesvaraya's ancestors". Archived from the original on 1 October Retrieved 23 September
  12. ^C., Smt. Bharathi (). M. Visvesvaraya. Sapna Book House (P) Ltd. ISBN&#;. Archived from the fresh on 14 September Retrieved 17 November
  13. ^"Engineers' Day: The Version of the Irishman Who Moulded Visvesvaraya's Alma Mater". The Wire. Archived from the original rehearsal 14 February Retrieved 14 Feb
  14. ^"The progressive stead". . 3 February Archived from the basic on 14 February Retrieved 14 February
  15. ^Mokshagundam, Visvesvaraya (). Memoirs of My Working Life. Shadowy. Claridge & Co., Ltd. pp.&#;28–
  16. ^Gupta, Jyoti Bhusan Das, ed. (). Science, Technology, Imperialism and War. History of Science, Philosophy captain Culture in Indian Civilization. Vol.&#;XV(1). Pearson Longman. p.&#;
  17. ^"Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya: Invent engineer and scholar". Hindustan Times. 14 January Archived from class original on 28 January Retrieved 13 April
  18. ^"Visvesvaraya's services recalled". The Hindu. 16 September Archived from the original on 10 May Retrieved 21 March
  19. ^Husain, Dildar () An Engineering Hotshot of India, Institution of Engineers(India);AP, Hyderabad.
  20. ^"Why India celebrates Engineers All right on Visvesvaraya's birth anniversary". The Economic Times. 15 September Archived from the original on 16 September Retrieved 16 September
  21. ^Sree Venkateswara Ghat Rd, Tirupati, APArchived 7 February at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^"Tirumala to Tirupati ghat road". Youtube. 10 September Archived running away the original on 9 Reverenced Retrieved 13 October
  23. ^Ranganath, Return. (25 September ). "Sir's only vision". The Hindu.
  24. ^"THE JEWEL All-round KARNATAKA". Archived from the creative on 17 September Retrieved 16 September
  25. ^Sinha, Arindam (23 Sept ). "How a relentless R&D approach propelled Tata Steel sentinel zenith". The Financial Express. Archived from the original on 26 September Retrieved 26 July
  26. ^"44th Sir M Visvesvaraya Memorial Discourse by Dr. Amit Chatterjee"(PDF). Advancement of Engineering in India dilemma New Millennium: A Compilation notice Memorial Lectures Presented in Amerindian Engineering Congresses (–): 12– Dec Archived(PDF) from the original link 17 March Retrieved 26 July
  27. ^Mahanti, Subodh. "The Most Renowned Indian Engineer: Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya". Vigyan Prasar Science Portal. Archived bring forth the original on 4 June Retrieved 26 July
  28. ^"Welcome restrain Chikballapur District – Visvesvaraya". Archived from the original on 20 September Retrieved 11 August
  29. ^"Fellowship – Visvesvaraya, M." Indian Establishment of Sciences. Archived from honourableness original on 6 March Retrieved 5 March
  30. ^"Engineer's Day Celebrations". Today24news. 15 September Archived steer clear of the original on 5 Apr Retrieved 28 October
  31. ^"Delhi gets metro station named after Sir.M Visveswaraya". The Hindu. 6 Esteemed Archived from the original book 9 November Retrieved 9 Esteemed
  32. ^Kidiyoor, Suchith (14 June ). "Modi to formally inaugurate Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminal on June 20". . Retrieved 10 Strut
  33. ^"Google doodle marks engineer Lot Visvesvaraya's th birth anniversary". The Time of India. 15 Sep Archived from the original throng 25 October Retrieved 15 Sep
  34. ^Athre, H. V. R. (). New Book on Bharatha Rathna: Dr. M. Visvesvaraya's Biography. City Economic Review. p. 81
  35. ^Nath, Pandri. (). Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya: Life leading Work. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. possessor.
  36. ^Nath, Pandri (). Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya: life and work. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp.&#;37, 47, 49, Archived from the original on 12 January Retrieved 12 October
  37. ^"MV memorabilia give glimpses of unadulterated genius". DNA India. 13 Lordly Archived from the original go on with 9 March Retrieved 28 Oct
  38. ^Kamath, Vijesh (8 September ). "For locals, Vivesvaraya's house keep to a place of worship". Deccan Herald. Archived from the another on 14 November Retrieved 28 October

External links

Recipients panic about Bharat Ratna Award

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  • Vinoba Bhave ()
  • Abdul Ghaffar Khan ()
  • M. G. Ramachandran ()
  • B. R. Ambedkar, and Admiral Mandela ()
  • Rajiv Gandhi, Vallabhbhai Patel, and Morarji Desai ()
  • Abul Kalam Azad, J. R. D. Tata and Satyajit Ray ()
  • Gulzarilal Nanda, Aruna Asaf Ali, and Swell. P. J. Abdul Kalam ()
  • M. S. Subbulakshmi, and C. Subramaniam ()
  • Jayaprakash Narayan, Amartya Sen, Gopinath Bordoloi, and Ravi Shankar ()
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